Al-Shāfi‘ī was authorised to issue fatwas at the age of fifteen. At ten, he had committed Imam Malik's Muwatta' to heart, at which time his teacher would deputise him to teach in his absence.
By the age of seven, al-Shāfi‘ī had memorised the Qur’an. He studied under Muslim ibn Khalid az-Zanji, the Mufti of Mecca then, who is thus considered to be the first teacher of Imam al-Shāfi‘ī. An account states that his mother could not afford to buy his paper, so he would write his lessons on bones, particularly shoulder-bones. Little is known about al-Shāfi‘ī's early life in Mecca, except that he was brought up in poor circumstances and that from his youth he was devoted to learning. Furthermore, his maternal family roots were from Yemen, and there were more members of his family in Mecca, where his mother believed he would better be taken care of. Fearing the waste of his sharīf lineage, his mother decided to move to Mecca when he was about two years old. His father died in Ash-Sham while he was still a child. He was born in Palestine ( Jund Filastin) by the town of Asqalan in 150 AH (767 CE). However, al-Shāfi‘ī grew up in poverty, in spite of his connections in the highest social circles.
This lineage may have given him prestige, arising from his belonging to the tribe of Muhammad, and his great-grandfather's kinship to him. The following is what seems to be a sensible reading, according to a modern reductionist perspective.Īl-Shāfi‘ī belonged to the Qurayshi clan of Banu Muttalib, which was the sister clan of the Banu Hashim, to which Muhammad and the Abbasid caliphs belonged. The first real biography is by Ahmad Bayhaqi (died 458 AH/1066 CE) and is filled with what a modernist eye would qualify as pious legends. Yahya al-Sājī was later reproduced, but even then, a great deal of legend had already crept into the story of al-Shāfi‘i's life. A biographical sketch was written by Zakarīya b. The oldest surviving biography goes back to Ibn Abi Hatim al-Razi (died 327 AH/939 CE) and is no more than a collection of anecdotes, some of them fantastical. Dawud al-Zahiri was said to be the first to write such a biography, but the book has been lost. The biography of al-Shāfi‘i is difficult to trace. Born in Palestine ( Jund Filastin), he also lived in Mecca and Medina in the Hejaz, Yemen, Egypt, and Baghdad in Iraq. He was the most prominent student of Imam Malik ibn Anas, and he also served as the Governor of Najar. Often referred to as ' Shaykh al-Islām', al-Shāfi‘ī was one of the four great Sunni Imams, whose legacy on juridical matters and teaching eventually led to the formation of Shafi'i school of fiqh (or Madh'hab). Abū ʿAbdillāh Muḥammad ibn Idrīs ash-Shāfiʿī ( Arabic: أَبُو عَبْدِ ٱللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ ٱلشَّافِعِيُّ, 767–19 January 820 CE) was a Muslim theologian, writer, and scholar, who was one of the first contributors of the principles of Islamic jurisprudence (Uṣūl al-fiqh).
0 kommentar(er)
